Этинилэстрадиол в оральной контрацепции: что мы знаем после 60 лет применения? обзор литературы

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Рекомендуем статьи по данной теме:

Комбинированная оральная контрацепция и молочная железа. Грани истины. Проблемы репродукции. 2024;(4):101-105

С момента появления первого комбинированного орального контрацептива (КОК) прошло более 60 лет. С тех пор использование противозачаточных таблеток получило широкое распространение во всем мире, обеспечив простую, безопасную, эффективную и обратимую регуляцию фертильности. Появившись в составе первой гормональной противозачаточной таблетки сначала случайно и в виде своего предшественника местранола, этинилэстрадиол (ЭЭ) остался в составе КОК на 60 лет. Первые КОК содержали более высокие концентрации гормонов, чем сегодня, и были ассоциированы с побочными эффектами. Для уменьшения этих эффектов внесены значительные изменения в состав КОК: содержание ЭЭ уменьшилось в 5 раз и более, разработаны новые высокоселективные прогестагены и идентичные натуральным эстрогены. Препараты КОК стали низкодозированными, безопасными и разнообразными, что позволяет выбирать наиболее подходящий вариант для каждой конкретной женщины. В состав большинства КОК в роли эстрогенного компонента по-прежнему входит ЭЭ. В этом обзоре литературы обобщен шестидесятилетний опыт применения ЭЭ в составе КОК и приведены новые данные.

Ключевые слова:

этинилэстрадиол

гормональная контрацепция

комбинированные оральные контрацептивы

Авторы:

Дерябина Е.Г.

ФГБУ «Уральский научно-исследовательский институт охраны материнства и младенчества» Минздрава России

ORCID: 0000-0001-8955-5085

Дата поступления:

29.06.2023

Дата принятия в печать:

05.09.2023

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