Типичный и атипичный оптический неврит

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Оптический неврит (ОН) является одной из наиболее частых нейроофтальмологических причин потери зрения во всем мире. Демиелинизирующий ОН может быть идиопатическим или являться одним из симптомов аутоиммунных демиелинизирующих заболеваний центральной нервной системы (ЦНС), таких как рассеянный склероз (РС), заболевания спектра оптиконейромиелита (ЗСОНМ), расстройства, ассоциированные с антителами к миелинолигодендроцитарному гликопротеину (МОГАР). Демографические, клинические и рентгенологические признаки ОН при вышеперечисленных заболеваниях ЦНС имеют различия. В связи с этим в настоящее время выделяют типичный и атипичный ОН. Распознавание клинических признаков, отличающих типичный ОН, ассоциированный с РС, от атипичного ОН при ЗСОНМ и МОГАР, имеет важное значение для выбора правильного алгоритма обследования и лечения. В статье обобщены данные клинических, лабораторных, инструментальных методов, применяемых для дифференциальной диагностики ОН.

Ключевые слова:

оптический неврит

MOG-ассоциированное расстройство

заболевания спектра оптиконейромиелита

Авторы:

Шеремет Н.Л.

ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт глазных болезней имени М.М. Краснова»

ORCID: 0000-0003-4597-4987

Елисеева Д.Д.

ФГБНУ «Научный центр неврологии»

ORCID: 0000-0003-2173-927X

Калашникова А.К.

ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России

ORCID: 0000-0002-2229-384X

Захарова М.Н.

ФГБНУ «Научный центр неврологии»

SPIN РИНЦ: 4277-2860
Scopus AuthorID: 7006679636
ResearcherID: C-4611-2012
ORCID: 0000-0002-1072-9968

Дата поступления:

03.08.2023

Дата принятия в печать:

26.10.2023

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