Колоректальный рак: заболеваемость, факторы риска и скрининг

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Представлен анализ современных данных литературы, характеризующих заболеваемость, факторы риска и методы скрининга колоректального рака (КРР). В последние годы наблюдается неблагоприятная динамика эпидемиологических показателей КРР в мире. Заболеваемость КРР в России находится на высоком уровне и достигает у мужчин 30,7 на 100 тыс. населения, у женщин — 20,9 на 100 тыс. населения. К ведущим факторам риска этой патологии относят мужской пол, возраст старше 45—50 лет, выявление аденоматозных полипов в кишечнике, наличие кровных родственников, больных КРР, ожирение, курение табака, употребление алкоголя, употребление в пищу красного и переработанного мяса. Ведущими методами скрининга КРР являются высокочувствительные анализы кала на скрытую кровь и колоноскопия. Целесообразно активизировать использование скрининга и развитие профилактических мероприятий для снижения заболеваемости КРР в России.

Ключевые слова:

колоректальный рак

заболеваемость

факторы риска

скрининг

профилактика

Авторы:

Цуканов В.В.

НИИ медицинских проблем Севера — обособленное подразделение ФГБНУ «Федеральный исследовательский центр «Красноярский научный центр Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук» Минобрнауки России

ORCID: 0000-0002-9980-2294

Рябоконь А.Г.

Тонких Ю.Л.

ORCID: 0000-0001-7518-1895

Васютин А.В.

ORCID: 0000-0002-6481-3196

Дата поступления:

10.07.2023

Дата принятия в печать:

04.10.2023

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